Sosa may or may not have a questionable sense of right and wrong, but he almost certainly, like most people in and out of baseball, has a questionable sense of physics. The most generous thing anybody who's studied corked bats has to say about them is that they increase the speed of a batted ball over uncorked bats by 1 percent. That was the conclusion of a study by the Baseball Research Center at the University of Massachusetts at Lowell.

Robert K. Adair, the Yale physics professor who wrote "The Physics of Baseball," says he hasn't seen that study, "and it's wrong." (Though he's quick to add that "they do great work" in Lowell.) He says a corked bat is lighter, which gives the hitter the same benefit a legal lighter bat would, greater bat speed. "But it's not different than if he would have, say, choked the bat up three-quarters of an inch," he says.

On ESPN's "Baseball Tonight" Tuesday, Bobby Valentine explained the baseball layman's view of the science of corked bats, describing how the cork compresses on contact, then springs back to its original shape, giving the ball an extra push as it leaves the bat.

"That doesn't work at all," Adair says. "The energy transfer from the bat to the ball takes about one two-thousandths of a second, and the cork just doesn't react that fast. So the cork does nothing on driving the ball." In fact, he says, because the cork has weight that has to be swung, but does nothing to improve power, it actually does more harm than good. "That is, if you don't put any cork in your corked bat, you'll have a little better bat than if you put cork in." When I asked Adair if there might be a material that would work better than cork, he laughed and said, "Well, you could use wood!"

But even Valentine, with his overly enthusiastic view of the benefits of cork, said that Sosa should be punished by having a mere three of his 505 career home runs taken away.

Others aren't so sanguine about Sosa's legacy. Bill Madden, fulminating in a New York Daily News column, argued that "unless he can somehow prove otherwise, Sammy Sosa is a fraud and all of his home runs are now tainted." Madden called for baseball to examine four bats that Sosa used to hit historic home runs in 1998 that are now at the Hall of Fame, "and, if it turns out any of those were corked, Sosa should be banned from baseball for life and all his home runs be expunged from the record books."

Well golly, why don't we just string him up while we're at it. Imagine if he'd actually done something that gave him an advantage!

It's funny how corking a bat is looked upon as an evil act, cheating, destroying the credibility of the game and the legacy of the corker, yet a pitcher loading up the baseball is looked upon as practicing gamesmanship. Especially since doctoring up a baseball, unlike corking a bat, has a provable effect on the play of the game. It was a secret to no one that Gaylord Perry threw spitters, greaseballs and all manner of slobbery for his entire career. "The league will be a little drier now, folks," he famously said when he retired.

Somehow the game survived and so did Perry's place in history. He breezed into the Hall of Fame, the lovable old coot who doctored up the ball. "I reckon I tried everything on the old apple but salt and pepper and chocolate sauce topping," he said. Boy howdy! Pitchers as great as Sosa is a hitter are routinely accused of doctoring the ol' pill. The Hall of Fame would practically have to be drained if pitchers guilty of throwing spitters after it was made illegal in 1920 were deemed unworthy.

Sammy Sosa's legacy will probably survive this incident. No one of his stature has ever been nabbed red-handed before, but some pretty good players have either confessed or been caught with illegal bats. Graig Nettles once broke his bat and a bunch of superballs bounced out. If you even know who Graig Nettles is, do you remember that or his fielding in the 1978 World Series? Do you think first of Norm Cash and Albert Belle as guys who swung corked bats? I don't.

Sosa will probably have to put up with cork jokes for years, but I doubt that anyone serious about baseball will believe that his records are tainted because he corked a bat. He'll take his suspension, apologize some more, and it'll pretty much blow over.

Now, if those steroid rumors turn out to be true, Sammy's reputation won't be worth two shares of Martha Stewart Living stock.

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